(은/는)커녕

Not even

In English: much less, not only

Used typically in negative sentences in the form 'A는커녕 B', meaning that not only did a negative event A happen (or a positive event A did not happen), but that an even more negative event B happened (or a less positive event B did not happen either).

• 유경은 대학교커녕 초등학교도 다니지 못했다.

  유경은 대학꾜커녕 초등학꾜도 다니지 모탣따.said like thisyugyeongeun daehakgyokeonyeong chodeunghakgyodo daniji motaetda.

  Yugyeong wasn't able to attend elementary school, much less college.

• 그 시절 운동은 커녕 하루의 절반은 누워 있었다.

  그 시절 운동은 커녕 하루의 절바는 누워 이썯따.said like thisgeu sijeol undongeun keonyeong haruui jeolbaneun nuwo isseotda.

  Back then, not only did I not exercise, I spent half of each day lying down.

• 1999년에 지구 멸망은커녕 멀쩡하게 잘 돌아가고 있었다.

  1999녀네 지구 멸망은커녕 멀쩡하게 잘 도라가고 이썯따.said like this1999nyeone jigu myeolmangeunkeonyeong meoljjeonghage jal doragago isseotda.

  Not only did the world not end in 1999, everything was going just fine.

• 시험을 망친 진우에게는 위로의 말을 해주기는커녕 오히려 차갑게 대했다.

  시허믈 망친 지누에게는 위로의 마를 해주기는커녕 오히려 차갑께 대핻따.said like thissiheomeul mangchin jinuegeneun wiroui mareul haejugineunkeonyeong ohiryeo chagapge daehaetda.

  Not only did I not comfort Jinwoo after he failed his test, I treated him coldly.

• 가해자가 피해자를 불러내 돈을 돌려주지 않으면 죽여 버리겠다며 식칼로 협박을 했는데, 피해자가 겁을 내기는커녕 바보 취급하듯 비웃었어요.

  가해자가 피해자를 불러내 도늘 돌려주지 아느면 주겨 버리겓따며 식칼로 협빠글 핸는데, 피해자가 거블 내기는커녕 바보 취그파듣 비우서써요.said like thisgahaejaga pihaejareul bulleonae doneul dollyeojuji aneumyeon jugyeo beorigetdamyeo sikkallo hyeopbageul haenneunde, pihaejaga geobeul naegineunkeonyeong babo chwigeupadeut biuseosseoyo.

  The perpetrator met the victim and said he would kill her if she didn't return his money, threatening her with a kitchen knife, but the victim mocked him without showing any sign of fear.

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